How to Prepare for Your Psychiatric Appointment

Seeing a psychiatrist, particularly for the first time, can be intimidating. Seeking help can mean confronting the unknowns, like a possible diagnosis. Moreover, trusting a practitioner with your mental and emotional well-being puts you in a vulnerable position. While your loved ones can support you, they can’t treat you — thus, your psychiatrist holds a powerful position in your treatment.

A little preparation before your appointment, however, can go a long way. This begins with finding the confidence to self-advocate, as you are the expert in yourself. Only you can best express your goals, values and preferences, and you have the right to take an active role in your care. In fact, new research suggests that active involvement of patients in their health care may significantly enhance outcomes.

With that in mind, here’s how you can best prepare yourself for seeing a psychiatrist.

Do Your Research

One of the best ways to find a qualified psychiatrist is often through referrals from a talk therapist, primary care doctor or member of your support system. If you’d prefer to do your own search, you can use online directories available through mental health publications and websites like Psychology Today. Make sure to research the background and specialties of all psychiatrists you are considering to ensure that they fit your needs. Before scheduling an appointment, ask about insurance coverage.

Know Your Medical History

Before meeting with a psychiatrist, you may want to assemble your complete medical history. Be familiar with and ready to share any prior diagnosis, symptoms and a summary of current and past medication regimens (including doses, time periods taken and side effects). If you are unsure about your medical history, you can obtain this information from the clinician who prescribed past medications or your pharmacist.

Educate Yourself on the Basics

A little at-home education on mental health conditions can be extremely helpful. Read up on your condition, symptoms and possible treatment options. You won’t become an expert, but you can learn enough to ask more targeted questions.

Advocate for a Shared Decision-Making Treatment Approach

Shared decision-making (SDM) is a collaborative approach to making decisions about your care. SDM requires that psychiatrists, chosen family members and patients come to mutual agreement about plans for treatment. Ultimately, this approach assumes “two experts” in the room: The psychiatrist with specialized medical knowledge and the person with the expertise of their lived experience, values, preferences and goals.

You can ask your provider if they are familiar with shared decision-making and determine if they will include your thoughts and expertise when deciding about your treatment plan. Knowing up front how you will be involved in your treatment plan will help you decide whether this is the best provider for you.

Assess the Relationship Fit

Most likely, you do not feel comfortable with every person you meet. The same applies to working with mental health professionals. It often takes a few meetings to figure out whether you feel comfortable enough to work with someone. Connecting with your mental health professional is key — researchers have found that the quality of the therapeutic relationship (including their warmth, interest and responsiveness to your needs) has been shown to improve outcomes in psychotherapy.

After the first few appointments, it is important to consider whether you connect with your psychiatrist. Ask yourself:

• Did you feel you comfortable talking to them?
• Did you feel like they cared about what was important to you?
• Did you feel like you could express what was important to you?

Difficulties in these areas could suggest that this may not be the right psychiatrist for you. Talk about your concerns with your psychiatrist and decide whether switching to someone else would better support your needs.

Ask Questions

An effective psychiatrist should be willing to answer any questions you have — respectfully. Dismissing your questions may be a sign that they may limit your involvement in your care. Some possible questions to pose are:

1. What is your treatment approach?
2. How can I be involved in my care?
3. I would like to be treated to achieve my life goals rather than to address symptoms. What do you think of this approach?
4. What are my medication options? Can you thoroughly explain each one, including what symptoms they will treat?
5. Can you carefully explain any side effects, including physical impacts, such as sedation or weight gain or activity restrictions such as alcohol consumption?
6. How can side effects be addressed? Are there any adverse impacts with the other medications I am on (if applicable)?
7. Are you available outside appointments to address medication and other concerns, such as refills and emergencies? What’s the best way to reach you?
8. Are you able to recommend additional resources that might be helpful for me?

Keep Records

In between appointments, it can be helpful to keep a log of your moods, triggers, symptoms, medication observations and any self-care practices. These trends can be useful data to evaluate with your doctor, including progress between appointments. You can also use this information to make a list of discussion points for your next appointment.

A meaningful relationship with your psychiatrist is critical to receiving the best care possible. Your psychiatrist’s role is to share their expertise to guide you on your journey, but for the best results, this relationship requires your effort and preparation as well.

Katherine Ponte is happily living in recovery from severe bipolar I disorder. She’s the Founder of ForLikeMinds’ mental illness peer support community, BipolarThriving: Recovery Coaching and Psych Ward Greeting Cards. Katherine is also a faculty member of the Yale University Program for Recovery and Community Health and has authored ForLikeMinds: Mental Illness Recovery Insights.

Mark Costa, M.D., MPH, is a psychiatrist and an Associate Research Scientist at the Yale University Program for Recovery and Community Health. He is the project coordinator of the Yale Post-Doctoral Research Training Program to Advance Competitive Integrated Employment for People with Psychiatric Disabilities.

Anthony J. Pavlo, Ph.D., is a clinical psychologist and an Associate Research Scientist at the Yale University Program for Recovery and Community Health. His research focuses on recovery-oriented and person-centered practices in mental health care, therapeutic relationships and shared decision-making for persons who are diagnosed with serious mental illnesses.